Chalukyan period literature

Chalukyan period literature

Telugu language started flourishing.

Most of the Chalukyan and Chola inscriptions were in verse form. Every verse inscription turned out to be a masterpiece.

As per Chebrolu inscriptions, the literary styles of those days were Marga and Deshi.

Nanne Choda was the greatest poet of Chalukyan period.

Nanne Choda’s title – Kavi Rajashekhara.

The book authored by Nanne Choda – Kumara Sambhavam. On his book the influence of Kannada language and literary traditions was high.

Official Language of various kingdoms

Satavahana – Prakrit.

Ikshwakus – Prakrit.

Vishnukunds – Sanskrit.

Eastern Chalukyas – Telugu.

Language of Chalukyan inscriptions – More in Sanskrit. Some in Kannada and Telugu.

Badami Chalukyans issued inscriptions in Kannada language.

Chalukyas of Renadu area were the first rulers to issue inscriptions in Telugu language.

Vipparla inscription of Jayasimha Vallabha was the first Telugu inscription issued by Eastern Chalukyas. It was the first Eastern Chalukyan inscription also.

Renati Cholas, Western Chalukyas and their feudatories, Bana kings used Telugu language.

During those days Prakrit words got mixed into Telugu language inscriptions extensively. Inscriptions language could not be understood by us.

The word ‘Reddi’ was used in the form of ‘Rattagudi’, ‘Rattadi’ and ‘Rattodi’.

‘Purugulu’ appeared as ‘puruvullu’.

‘Rachuvasu’ means destroyer (naashanam cheyuvadu).

For plural number were are adding ‘lu’, during those days ‘gudulu’ was written as ‘gudlu’ and ‘madulu’ was mentioned in ‘madlu’.

‘Padamata’ was written as ‘paruta’.

Instead of Chola and Choda they used ‘Chora’.

Different types of sentence writing was there in the Macherla inscription of Jayasimha Vallabha I and Potladurthi-Malepadu inscription of Renati Cholas.

By the time of Gunaga Vijayadhithya Telugu language had the influence of Sanskrit language.

Poetry writing started with local metre, guided by Matra and Gana.

Tharuvoja in Panduranga inscription.

Seesa in Kandukuru and Dharmavaram inscriptions

Madhyakkara in Bezawada inscriptions.

Gradually Telugu language attained ‘Kavya’ shape.

Chalukyan kings greatly contributed for  Telugu literary development.

Mallikharjuna Panditharadhya has authored Shiva Thathva Saaram. Though it consists of more than 400 Kanda verses, it is considered as Sataka only. Hence the credit of starting Sataka style in Telugu goes to Mallikharjuna Pandithaaraadhya.

Pampa Kavi’s Mallikharjuna Vijayam was the first Kavya in Kannada. Pampa belonged to the Chalukyan age.

Tikkana Somayaji was the greatest poet not only among the Chalukyan poets, but among all the Telugu poets. He was not only a great minister and a poet. He was a great cultural movement. In literary field, he has a remarkable place.

Bhaskara mantri was the elder brother of Tikkana.

Ketana was Tikkana’s elder father.

Bhaskara Mantri authored Bhaskara Ramayanam.

Ketana wrote Kadambari as Telugu padya Kaavya(Verse), ‘Dashakumara Charithra’ and ‘Vignaaneshwara’.

Marana wrote Markandeya Purana.

Tikkana wrote Nirvachanothara Ramayanam. It was dedicated to Manumasiddi.

Palkuriki somanatha wrote Basava Puranam, Panditharaadhya Charithra.

Narayana battu helped Nannaya in writing ‘Andhra Mahabhaaratha’.