Sources for Chalukyan period

Sources for Chalukyan period Rich archaeological and literary sources are available for the reconstruction of Chalukyan history. Mainly stone and copper plate inscriptions. From Kubja Vishnuvardhana to Vishnuvardhana V –names of 3 generations on the inscriptions. Donor name, his father name and grandfather name. No extra information is available. From Gunaga Vijayadhithya / Vijayadithya III (Eastern Chalukyan king)time we get more information in the inscriptions. Saluru inscription was issued by Gunaga Vijayadhithya. In this inscription we can find the chronology of the earlier rulers, their ruling period, events worth mentioning. (848 – 892 C.E.) Neelagudi Inscription was issued by Gunaga Vijayadhithya / Vijayadhithya III in the year 866 A.D.. According to this inscription, Gunaga Vijayadhithya / Vijayadhithya III was the feudatory of Amoghavarsha 1 of Rashtrakuta dynasty.   Sanjan Copper plate inscription was issued in the year 872 A.D. According to this inscription, unlike the other feudatories, Gunaga Vijayadithya III cleaned the walking path of Amoghavarsha. Kopparam inscription 631 A.D. – According to this inscription Pulakesi has referred to Vishnuvardhana as the heir apparent (Yuvaraja – Crown prince). Pulakesi II had conquered coastal Andhra. Cheepurupalli inscription 641 A.D. – According to this inscription Vishnuvardhana has assumed the title of Maharaja and carried on the rule. Aihole inscription – It is the most important source to know about the greatness of Pulakesi II of Badami Chalukyan dynasty. Aihole inscription was composed by Ravikeerthi, Pulakesi II’s minister of war. It was composed in Sanskrit. Kollipara copper plate inscription of Vemulavada Chalukyan king Arikesari I. 8^th Century A.D. This inscription is giving details about his administration. Kuruvagattu stone inscription is found in Mahaboobnagar. 8^th Century A.D. It was issued by Beeragruha, second son of Vindayadhithya yuddhamalla of Vemulavada Chalukya dynasty. Vemulavada copper plate inscriptions of Arikesari II. Arikesari II ruled in the 1^st half of 5^th century. These inscriptions are giving information about the developmental activities from Yuddhamalla to Arikesari. Chennur Copper Plate inscription (941 A.D.). According to this inscription Yuddhamalla I made an attack o Vijayadhithya, the Mudigonda Chalukyan king. Vijayadhithya opposed Yuddhamalla I. Vijayadhithya sought the help of Arikesari II of Vemulavada chalukyan dynasty. Arikesari II offered shelter to Vijayadhithya and made him the ruler of Chennur. Kurkyala inscription was written by Jayavallabha in the year 940 A.D. Jayavallabha was the brother of famous Kannada poet Pampa. Pampa was the court poet of Arikesari II. According to this inscriptions Pampa authored Aadipuraana 941 A.D. Parbhani copper plate inscription 966 A.D. was issued during the time of Arikesari III. According to this inscription Arikesari III’s Subahdar constructed Jain temples at Repaka and made land grants to it.   Literary Sources: Vikramarjuna Vijayam – written by Pampa in Kannada. It is a prominent work during the time of Vemulavada Chalukyas. Pampa was patronized by Arikesari II (930 A.D.- 941 A.D.), while he wrote this work. * Arikesar II was praised in this work. * Relation with the Rashtrakutas was discussed. Yashasthilaka a champu kavya was written by Somadeva Suri. Yashasthilaka is also called as Yashodhara Charithra. Somadeva Suri was a jain scholor. It is an important source to know the history of the last rulers of Vemulavada Chalukya kings. Religionus doctrines of Jainism. * Religious and social conditions during Vemulavada Chalukya kings. * Some political aspects. Neethikaavyaamrutha was also authored by Somadeva suri. It is also an important book to know the details of Vemulavada Chalukyas. Mogala Cheruvu inscription + Krivvaka inscription are the only 2 donors of copper plate inscriptions were seen during Mudigonda Chalukya period. In these inscriptions we can find details about the early history of this dynasty. Mogala Cheruvu inscription was issued by Kusumayudha IV. This inscription mentioned Mudigonda Chalukyas as ‘Manayavasa gothrulu’, ‘Harataputrulu’. The kingdom was the result of Kaushika’s prasadam ruled by Saptamatruk. They received Varaha Lanchana by the mercy of Narayana. According to this inscription Mudigonda Chalukyas had relation with Ayodhya. Krivvaka inscription was issued by Kusumayudha IV. Giving information about Mudigonda Chalukyas’ chronology. Bezawada copper plate inscription – Kusumayudha had donated Kukiparru village to Potamaiah, a Brahmin. Narayani Copper Plate inscription (1004 A.D.) tells us about the system of administration of Chalukya Gonagarasa, who ruled Warangal region. Koravi inscription (935 A.D.) also an important one. Coins Gold, Silver and Copper coins were in circulation. Some Gold coins with the name ‘Chalukya Chandra’ were issued by Eastern Chalukyan king Shakti Varma 999A.D. – 1011 A.D.) These coins were found at Arkan and Siam. Gadya – Gold coin during Chalukyan period. It used to be of 88 grains weight. Various gold coins were there. Rajanarayana gadya, Surabhi gadya and tyaga gadya. Mada – Silver coin during the Chalukyan period. Kasu – Copper coin during the Chalukyan period.